DISC-CHISEL HARROWS BDCH «ROSOMAKHA»

Profitable and high-yield farming requires high-quality tillage with minimum costs. Multiple passes through a field substantially increase both direct costs and investment costs. Low tillage quality reduces soil efficiency and, therefore, harvest levels. Perfectly tilled aggregate soil structure, easily adjustable tillage modes to depths of 7–15 cm, 25–30 cm, 35–40 cm, and up to 45 cm, plus only one pass of the harrow over the field are the main requirements for a perfect tiller.

The best tool for the min-till approach is a disk chisel plow. A disk chisel plow is a combined tool that tills the soil both with disks, and chisel deep ripping points with side blades set to the same depth as the disks. Due to the more intensive operation and variety of effects on the soil, such tillers provide perfect soil quality in a single pass. The disk chisel plows form a level, finely-clumped topsoil with an even seedbed, which makes them unique tools for pre-seeding operations. Thus, a disk chisel plow replaces a disk header, chisel planter, and seedbed cultivator.

The chisel deep ripping points may be mounted to 10 cm below the disks. In this case, the disk chisel plow can be used for tillage to a maximum depth of 25–30 cm. Thus, a disk chisel plow can entirely replace a conventional plow.

The tilt of the chisel ripping points can be modified in the lower position, thereby increasing the tillage depth up to 35–40 cm. The top layer will be properly crushed and mixed with the disks.

And with the disk module removed, the chisel deep ripping points can till to a maximum depth of 45 cm. Thus, the disk chisel plow can entirely replace a chisel plow.

As a result, the disk chisel plow can be successfully used instead of a seed cultivator, disk header, chisel planter, conventional plow, and chisel plow.

The disk chisel plow is the most all-purpose tool among tilling machines.

BDCh Disk Chisel Harrow

The basic model of the disk chisel plow consists of two rows of spherical disks 560 mm in diameter on individual gang arms (disk module) followed by two rows of chisel deep ripping points (chisel module) with adjustable-height side blades and helical slatted press wheels (Fig. 1).

Foldable, 4 to 6 m wide disk chisel plows have maximum transport dimensions of 2.55 m in width, allowing the tool to be transported via public road unescorted (no permit from the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate is required).

The tillage depth shall be adjusted by changing the attack angle of the disks, using the support for the helical slatted press wheel, and using the partial support of the tractor linkage.

Front support wheels and a system of tillage depth adjustment using the support for the rear transport wheels can be supplied as an option. In this case, the perfect depth can be achieved for pre-seeding.

The depth of the chisel deep ripping point is set at the same level with the disks (Fig. 2), thereby producing an even seedbed.

The chisel deep ripping points may be mounted to a tillage depth of 10 cm below the disks (Fig. 3). In this case, the side blades shall be removed. With the removed side blades, the chisel deep ripping points are set 10 cm below the disks, i.e. subsoiling down to 25–30 cm is performed simultaneously with disking down to 15–20 cm. This tillage depth is required for tilled crops and for moisture accumulation during the autumn-winter period. The disk chisel plow can be used in subsoiling mode only with a disk roller or support wheels. When the support wheels are mounted, the roller is removed and the tillage depth is set with a kit of hydraulic-cylinder-based adjustable inserts.

The tilt of the chisel point can be modified in the lower position, thereby increasing the depth of tillage up to 35–40 cm. The top layer is properly crushed and mixed with the disks.

For subsoiling down to 45 cm, the module equipped with the disks shall be removed (Fig. 4(1)), thereby enabling the deep ripping points to be equipped with height-adjustable side blades. Periodic subsoiling is used for soils with compacted subsurface layers, soils subject to water erosion and soils with temporary surface excessive waterlogging. On soils with temporary waterlogging, subsoiling removes excessive moisture from the root area, increases soil ripening, and prevents winter crops damping-off. It is sufficient to perform subsoiling once in 3–4 years. Therefore, this reconfiguration is not used very often.

When tilling at depths of 20 cm or less with disks, the points shall be removed from the disk chisel module (Fig. 4(2)).

The press wheel is located behind the main movable parts (Fig. 5).

The helical slatted press wheel functions as follows. During wheel rolling, while the wheel is turning, each bar enters the soil with its rib at an angle of approximately 90°. As the wheel turns, each strip rotates relative to the surface of the field. As a result, the soil is lifted by each strip and thrown back along the path; note that this soil is lifted from the ridges only. The wheel cannot reach the furrows. Since each bar is helical, the soil is thrown not only back, but also in the direction of the nearest furrow. Therefore, the field microrelief leveling quality is improved.

At the customer’s request, the wheels of various types are available: helical, slatted, helical slatted, toothed, or disk-shaped.

The slatted and helical slatted wheels manufactured by BDT-AGRO are designed so that a bar enters into the soil in a near-vertical orientation, and leaves the soil nearly horizontally. As a result, it digs, cuts ridges and levels the field surface properly after the tool passage.

When treating loose soil, for instance in tillage operations, when the wheels fall through and are clogged with the soil, the wheels shall be turned 180°. In this case, the bar will be laid down on the soil horizontally, and moved out of the soil vertically, thereby increasing the wheel support surface; the wheel will grab less soil, and its clogging will be reduced.

The disk rollers are the most powerful ones. They are perfectly suitable for crushing the soil lumps, and are designed to till heavy soils to maximum depth when working on waterlogged soils.

The disks are used to treat stubble field, chip crop residues, and mix them with the soil. The chisel deep ripping points with the side blades provide even subsoil layer and prevent the possibility of gaps. The helical slatted press wheels break lumps, level the topsoil, and produce fine-lump topsoil.

We believe that this arrangement of interchangeable parts is the best one. However, at the customer’s request, the chisel module may be mounted at the front, and the disk one may be installed at the rear (Fig. 6).

In this case, when subsoiling down to 40 cm, the soil lumps raised by the chisel points are crushed by the two rows of disks. The field surface is finally leveled by the helical slatted press wheel. And all these operations are performed in one pass over the field.

Thus, the disk chisel plow supports basic field tillage instead of a conventional plow. However, when operating the disk chisel, efficiency is higher and fuel consumption is lower, and the disk chisel does forms no back ridges or back furrows. There is no plow sole. The disk chisels leave no large soil lumps behind. The field surface remains even and pressed. This contributes to retention of soil moisture and reduces wind erosion.

You can choose the appropriate replaceable module (with different widths and numbers of tools) depending on the power capacity of the tractor to be used.